How many people should I ask to read my research before publishing it? Should these people have a certain profession?

Everyone who is involved in any part of the work should read and approve the final version of the manuscript before submitting it for publishing. It is also beneficial to ask other people (1 or 2) who are competent in the field to review your work. If possible, I would also submit the article (if it is a scientific publication) for checking to a professional proofreading service. 

Actually there is no hard and fast rules, people who are working in same are you better asked them to review your paper fast , But make sure they are loyal and trustworthy. 

Having published and presented in International Journals and conferences, I believe that the peer review process associated with any publication is the best way to gather professional feedback! Any reputed publication house will have a dedicated team of blind reviewers who are experts in the filed, peer reviewers who are proven publishers and then the editors who are well experienced in the respective fields. It is an organic process because any research material becomes credible only when it contributes new knowledge in the field. Having said this, it is also a general practice to get casual feedback from peers and editors before sending it to professional journals.

I believe  your research  should be read with your peers  and also your role models  in that field before you publish it because  im sure they will help you with the analysis. These people should also be  professional and have same vision with yours in order to  get  effective  results.I will also be satisfied if i submit my script for proofreading with a professional scientific  service 

Three friends working at the same field of the research, and one trusted professional.

usually no need for others to read my research article because it is mathematical and only logic matters.

RESEARCH ARTICLE SHOULD BE WRITTEN BY TAKING TIME AND BY DEEP THINKING AND LOT OF READING. YES IN MY OPINION THE ARTICLE CAN BE GIVEN TO SOME PEOPLES WHO KNOW THE SUBJECT AND CAN GIVE GOOD ADVISE TO CORRECT THE ARTICLE IF THERE IS SOME FAULT. ENGLISH SHOULD BE CHEKED WELL BEACUSE GOOD ENGLISH MATTERS.

YES- I WANT TO REVIEW IT IF NECESSARY

If you are a grad student then your supervisor is the first one who should be asked for guidance and directions. Then anyone who is taking part in your paper should be asked as well.

I would say it depends on your kind of question. If it is major related then you go to specialists in field. If it is English related then you go to a reputable editor

It should be reviewed by technical expert person to remove the errors.

Three Types of people should be allowed to read the research before publishing it 

1-    Those who have participated in specific portions of the research (workers and researchers).

2-    Professionals who have contributed to specific parts of the research 

3-    stakeholders and beneficiaries of the research (like financer)