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Exploration of water, oil & gas
Geological Structures are the Traps of Hydrocarbons, Where it stops their migration and traped in Sealed Structures or sedimentary trap or combination, so traps is critical factor in Hydrocarbon
The common and more know geological traps that permit has a cumulative of hydrocarbons is structural, so structures mapping let us to know the undergroun setting and sucess of the acumulations. It is one of the factors to check.
The Relation is that Geological mapping is done so as to find the Bed strauctures and types of Rocks situated beneath the earths crust. It helps in finding Watrer bearing Zones and Hydrocarbon bearing zones.
Geological Structures are the Traps of Hydrocarbons, these are distribute by thear densities. the oil migrate from source rock in to trap. stop migration becouse of sea Structures or sedimentary trap.
Analyzing the Geological structure for oil and gas is one of the important thing Because oil is trapped under a close geological structure like anticline.OR in those structure or formation which has cap and seal rock above and on the sides.So oil and gas can trap.
Petroleum communities are hydrocarbon materials made up of plant and animal remains preserved in sedimentary rocks. The process of the formation of oil gatherings to an appropriate geological environment is the presence of a basin sedimentary characterized by the following characteristics:
(1) to contain (source rocks), the rocks containing organic substances by not less than (15%), and (rocks Khazna) characterized by porosity and permeability high, and then on the (rocks cover) impermeable to prevent the escape of oil from the rocks .
(2) It is semi-closed and has a high sedimentation rate to provide a reduced environment that prevents the decomposition of organic matter.
(3) to continuously increase its depth to form a thick sedimentary column works on the pressure of lower sediments and increase the temperature of the maturity of organic materials and converted to oil and gas, as organic materials need to temperature between (50) to (150) Celsius to turn to oil and gas .
All of the above characteristics can not be oil groupings without the existence of sufficient time estimated at millions of years, as the increase in geological time leads to the gradual change of the chemical composition of organic matter and its transformation into oil and gas.
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