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Welding Transformer is a such kind of Transformer which produces a large Amps of current in its output side(Secondary Side) and low volts of voltage in secondary.A welding transformer is basically a step down transformer. The reason for this is a high current is required for the arc to be generated for the welding.
1st thing There is no such Transformer named as "Normal Transformer". Although Transformer is a such kind of machine which can transfer power from its one limb to another limb without changing its frequency.
Welding transformer : It is a step down transformer that converts mains voltage and current to a sufficiently high current at the output such as is essential for generating the arc necessary for welding. It involves no moving parts. simply give voltage in primary and short circuit in secondary, secondary will start melting this concept is using in induction furnaces and welding transformers. in induction furnaces metal which need to melt is work as secondary, in welding machine welding rod connected with secondary.
other transformers like step up and down depends on number of secondary winding turns it can make as step up and down.if you increase number of turns it will become step up and decrease it will become step down.
primary > secondary = step down
primary <secondary = step up
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