In your opinion as a teacher, How would you raise a child's self-esteem and aspirations?

GIVE HIM RESPECT ,,, SHOW HIM HOW TO  RESPECT OTHERS,, DO NOT ONLY TEACH HIM TO DO SO... 

Through increased self-confidence and support of the student in all areas of his thinking and aspirations and give him a positive atmosphere of suitability for working to increase self-confidence

Self-esteem is relative. It relies on the values that have developed along the years. Teachers can not do anything concrete in this respect unless a set of values is defined and announced by decision makers. Once the values are defined they can discuss them to make students aware of them and work on their development. For instance somebody might appreciate honesty, while others appreciate deceptiveness. 

motivation ,critical thinking training , being a role model ,self confidence respect , optimism ,talking to parents and listening to students to guide them

I agree Shagufta zafar