What is the need of protocols in Computer Networks?

Routing protocols do three task:

To learn about all the network 

To learn about all the path to reach all the network

To select the best path to reach all the network.

If there is no routing protocols then administrator has to configure each route to reach all the network.

Without routing protocols administrator has to do all the above task as if you have seen a routing table of bgp which handles more than5,, routes, anyone can understand how difficult is it to configure each route manually.

That's the need of routing protocols.

 

To provide standards that you are sure that will work everywhere. A good comparison would be traffic rules. If there weren't any everyone would do whatever they wanted to. 

Computer went to rules that must be followed to connect with the other computer. It also helps to transfer information easily between different devices.

In computing, a protocol is a convention or standard that controls or enables the connection, communication, and data transfer between computing endpoints. In its simplest form, a protocol can be defined as the rules governing the syntax, semantics, and synchronization of communication.