What's the difference between gate valve and globe valve? Where we use each type?

Gate valve and Globe Valve both under Isolating Valves category But,

1. Gate Valve : On /Off Function
2. Globe Valve : Modulating (Adjusting flow0%-100%)

Simply,

The gate valve is the most frequently used valve in piping systems. It is a general service valve that is used primarily for on-off, non-throttling applications.

A partially opened gate valve will hasten erosion caused by the commodity within the pipe and will ruin the valve seat in a short period of time.

Globe valves are used primarily in situations where throttling of the commodity is required. By simply rotat ing the handwheel, the rate at which the commodity flow

through the valve can be adjusted to any desired level.

1. Gate Valve : OPEN /CLOSE 
2. Globe Valve : OPEN /CLOSE +regulating 

By rule of thumb, gate valve is used for high flow rates and pressure drop is less than that of a globe valve. 

gate valve is a valve  that opens by lifting a round or rectangular gate/wedge out of the path of the fluid and often used when a straight-line flow of fluid and minimum restric­tion is desired.

globe valve is consisting of a movable disk-type element and a stationary ring seat in a generally sphircal body and it  used for regulating flow in a pipeline.

Pressure drop while in operation of a gate vave is less compared to a globe valve and also, for same liquid pressure, the force required to operate the globe valve is more compared to gate valve. The application of these valves depends on the pressure drop, liquid pressure, type of liquid.

 I agree with  Mohamed Mustafa Ibrahim answer.      

Gate Valve is a shutoff valve is used as a fully open or fully close but globe valve we can control it to control the flow by adding additional items.