What are the differences in design between normal precast concrete pipes and pipes used for pipe jacking?

For pipes used for pipe jacking, they should possess the following characteristics:

(i) Pipes should have high concrete strength to withstand the stress induced during the jacking process.

(ii) There is tight tolerance in pipe dimension and the pipe joints are specially designed to provide trouble-free joint details. Two commonly available joints are rebated joint and butt end joint.

(iii) Pipes preferably should have smooth external concrete finishes to reduce the friction between the pipes and surrounding soil.