Why the current in series circuit is same and voltage in parallel?

Series Circuit: In series circuit the component are connected by simple node, in another words they are connected in series so the current flow through same branch thats why it is same.

Parallel:In parallel circuit the component of the circuit are connected in parallel, both the junction of the components are connected to the same potential .so the volage is same.

1) An electron flowing in a series circuit has to pass through all the components in thecircuit.That means every component in the circuit receives and gives out the samenumber of electrons in unit time.As we know current is charge per unit time flowing through a conductor hence current is constant everywhere in a series

2) I assume you are comfortable with the fact that with a single resistor you will read the same voltage as you applied. Now, a resistor is defined by its intrinsic resistance, length, and thickness. When you connect two resistors, you still have one single “resistance”, one resistor but thicker (causing a lower resistance value). Therefore, as we accepted above, you have to read the same voltage as you applied.

In a series electrical or electronic circuit components share a single common flow of current through them while in parallel each of them share different flow as theose are connected differently or parallel gains access to full voltage. Eg. A number of taps connected to a common pipe fetches water with a series flow while if those are connected directly to the tank gets separate path for each of them.

Basic Why current is same in series circuit: Components connected in series circuit are along a single path, so the same current flows through all of the components. Why voltage is same in Parallel circuit: In a parallel circuit, the voltage drops across each of the branches is the same as the voltage gain in the battery

It is best to know the Kirchhoff Voltage Law and Kirchhoff Current Law