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Monolithic, Distributed and Networked
fist generation is MONOLITHIC
Scond generation is DITRIBUTED
Third generation is NETWORKED
1.Monolithic SCADA
2. Distributed SCADA
3. Networked SCADA
1) Monolithic SCADA System
2) Distributed SCADA System
3) Networked SCADA System
1) Monolithic:
When SCADA systems were first developed, the concept of computing in general centered on“mainframe” systems. Networks were generally non-existent, and each centralized system stood alone.As a result, SCADA systems were standalone systems with virtually no connectivity to other systems.
2) Distributed:
The next generation of SCADA systems took advantage of developments and improvement insystem miniaturization and Local Area Networking (LAN) technology to distribute the processing across multiple systems
3) Networked:
The current generation of SCADA master station architecture is closely related to that of the second generation, with the primary difference being that of an open system architecture rather than a vendor controlled, proprietary environment.
Common network services did not exist at the time SCADA was developed. Thus SCADA systems were independent systems with no connectivity to other systems. The communication protocols used were strictly proprietary at that time. The first-generation SCADA system redundancy was achieved using a back-up mainframe system connected to all the Remote Terminal Unit sites and was used in the event of failure of the primary mainframe system.
SCADA information and command processing was distributed across multiple stations which were connected through a LAN. Information was shared in near real time. Each station was responsible for a particular task, which reduced the cost as compared to First Generation SCADA.
The system may be spread across more than one LAN network and separated geographically. Several distributed architecture SCADAs running in parallel, with a single supervisor and historian, could be considered a network architecture. This allows for a more cost effective solution in very large scale systems.
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