What are adjustment entries and calculations of Provision for Bad Debts and further bad debts ?

1- Direct write-off method

Debit / Bad Debts Expense

credit / Accounts Receivable

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2- Allowance method

Debit / Bad Debts Expense

Credit / Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

then

Debit /  Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Credit / Accounts Receivable

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The adjustment entry at the time of provide the provision for bad debts

 Dr.  Bad Debts Expense

     Cr.  Provision for Bad Debts

at  the time of write off of the

 Dr. Provision for Bad Debts

    Cr.    A/R (Debtors)

There is nothing to do with future in bad debt accounting. bad debts are basically present trade debts which have been impaired and susceptible or unlikely to be recovered. So in accordance with prudence concept as per IAS1 and to be on the safer side companies make reasonable estimates about non recovery of trade debts and pass the following journal entry 

Bad debt expense in profit and loss     Dr

Provision for bad debts in statement of financial position      Cr

When it is actually confirmed that a debt is irrecoverable in any case then company need to write of the same from its books of accounts by passing the following journal entry

Provision for bad debt  in statement of financial position      Dr. 

Trade debts in statement of financial position                               Cr.