Is there a science behind choosing the right color a logo?

Yes there certainly is. You might wanna read about Color Theory and Color Psychology for this. It will tell you how colors behave in combinations. And what color would be a good option for your specific use. 

Like for example the restaurants use a lot of Beige and Peace color tones in their Branding and Interiors because these color tones are believe to provoke a feeling of hunger, which could be helpful in their line of work. 

I wouldnt call it science as such. But indeed the selection of the color is important anyday. The color psychology does matter especially if you want the logo to fulfill it's rightful duty as it is the face of the brand.

Yes, the main thing is in our mind. based from color observations, our mind ussually associates colors with feeling. for example, if you are in a hospital, watching a white color helps you to calm down and makes feel you at ease. also if you are given by any chance a white and a black card as a gift, you are likely to have different feeling, i.e you would feel welcomed and honesty for a white card, but you would get a tense aggressive feeling toward the black color

Yes there are but the thing is they all depend on the client... You are not able to read the mind of others

of course there are , and the good designer know that, if he didn't learn in academic

There is a symbolic behind each color. Some of those could vary depending on the culture and the region. But some of the meanings go way back at the early age of the civilisations. For example in most part of the world black is associated with death but this in not true everywhere. Dark blue is associated with calm, peace and trust. Red is associated with blood therefore you rarely see a hospital being branded with red and black, unless it is a very scary hospital :-)

Colors can also affect us physically. For example Orange is a color that makes us salivate. Lots of fast food companies have been in the past using orange and red in their logo and their restaurants. Not only to make you feel hungry but also because of the high energy of those colors (warm colors) they push you to eat faster and to get out of the restaurant since that is the whole purpose of the fast food, both in preparation and consumption.

In addition to the meaning of each color the combination of colors also are extremely important and can carry different meanings.

This is a very wide subject to discuss within few lines but it is absolutely fascinating, there are many books written that can help you to understand the essentials of colors and the symbolics behind them. One of the most important books about the colors is The Elements of Color: A Treatise on the Color System of Johannes Itten Based on His Book the Art of Color, this is a must read book for all designers and artists. after that there are so many books out there that can help you to understand the color and to choose the right one for your projects. I hope this helps.

its all about the nature of logo and concept.

Behind each color there are some meanings and values. We must be very care full in choosing a color it's depents on the target coustomer. The colors we used in the logo will affect the mind of the target coustomer. For eg. for a youth oriented prodect we must to keep some attractive & energetic color then only that logo feels something in their mind .

Yes, There is one, you must choose the right colors that fits with each other using the Color Theory, choosing the right colors that mesh well with each other , also how to balance these two colors with each other. this will make the design look stronger and thus it can attract the audience.