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the main types of the gate classified by structure are: Plane gate Radial gate Stop log
The advantages of the plan gate are:– The closing area of the gate is more than others; – The dimensions of the structure is small; – The structure of the gate is simple; – Manufacture , erection and delivery is simple ; – It can be moved out from slot for maintenance; – Interchangeable
The disadvantages of the plan gate are:– The slot has some negative influence to flow;– Bigger lifting force to is needed;– Higher and thick pier is needed.- it has high civil works cost.
The Tainter gate is a type of radial arm floodgate used in dams and canal locks to control water flow.
Radial Gates are used for economical water control applications, such as: maintenance of water elevations in canals or spillways; increased storage ...
1. Being vital components of dams, gates are installed on spillway to store water and create reservoir behind them. They regulate the release of water for various purposes for which they are planned. The spillway gates regulate and control the flood discharge. Outlet gates control the release water for irrigation, penstock gates release water for power generation.
2. Basic requirements to be satisfied by the gates are as under: (1) Water tightness (2) Can be operated by hoist at specified speed. (3) Alternative operation device in case of power operated gate. (4) Regulating gate should be held in any partials operation position to pass required discharge without cavitation’s and undue vibration.
3. The unobstructed operation of the flood gates of any water project is of utmost importance.• The choice of the type of gate and its operating mechanism is critical for that reason• For low head flood gates of dams, which are usually quite wide, the conventional choice includes Vertical Lift, Radial, Automatic or Needle type gates.
4. The operation And maintenance of each type is unique and each type presents certain advantages and disadvantages.• The primary considerations for the selection of the gate type include gate size requirement, expected flows, efficiency of discharge and initial cost.
5. There are so many classifications for designating the types of gates. Out of that following three most commonly used.TYPES OF GATES(1) On the bases of design head:(2) On the bases of location and purpose(3) On the basis of their operation and s0hape.
6. (1)On the bases of design head: • High head – above 30m • Medium head‐ between 15m to 30m • Low head – less than 15m
7. (2)On the bases of location and purpose1.Crest gates : » Spillway crest gates and » Barrage crest gates2. Outlet gates : » By pass outlet gates » H.R. Gates » Penstock intake gates » Sluice gates Construction sluices Scouring sluices Under sluice
8. (3) On the basis of their operation and shape.– Radial gate/ Taintor gate– Vertical lift gates – Automatically lifting gates – counter wt. operated – Float operated – Counter wt. and flood operated – Flap shutters – Automatic tilting gates/ Godbole gates
9. Most common type of gate used for hydraulic structure i.e. vertical lift gates.1. Stoney gates2. Cater piller gates3. Fixed wheel gates4. Sliding gates Vertical lift gates provide with wheels on sides to reduce the friction are known as fixed wheel gates and without wheel is known as sliding gate.
10. AUTOMATIC TILTING GATE (GODBOLE GATE)
11. In spillway with high Tail water, Vertical Lift Gates are generally superior to Radial Gates . Trunnion assembly under water is not desirable because of the possibility of debris impinging upon it and causing damage .• Bigger gates require bigger wheels or rollers which in turn necessiate bigger gate groove. Bigger groove create turbulent flow by the side of the piers and also there is a tendency for the floating debris or trees to lodge in these gate grooves. This will prevent smooth operation of gates during flood.• Higher gates are also necessiate in increased height of piers.
12. The radial shape provides efficient transfer of hydrostatic loads through the trunnion.• A lower hoist capacity is required.• Radial gates have a relatively fast operating speed and can be operated efficiently.• Side seals are used, so gate slots are not required. This reduces problems associated with cavitations, debris collection, and buildup of ice.• Radial gate geometry provides favorable hydraulic discharge characteristics.
13. Disadvantages[ 1]To accommodate location of the trunnion, the pier and foundation will likely be longer in the downstream .Larger piers increase cost due to more required concrete and will usually result in a less favorable seismic resistance due to greater height and mass.(2) End frame members may encroach on water passage. This is more critical with inclined end frames.(3) Long strut arms are often necessary where flood levels are high to allow the open gate to clear the water surface profile.
14. Vertical Gates Involves design of • Skin plate• Vertical And Horizontal Stiffeners And Main girder• Wheels• Seals And Accessories• Guide Rollers• Wheel track And Track base• Sill beam• anchorages
15. SKIN PLATET‐VERTICALS STIFFNERS BRACING
16. Skin plate and Stiffeners • Skin plate and Stiffeners shall be designed together in composite manner• It shall be designed in bending across the stiffeners or Horizontal girders as applicable. To take care of corrosion the actual thickness of skin plate shall be provided at least 1.5 mm. more than the theoretical thickness computed.• The stiffeners may be of a built up section or of standard rolled section.
17. Horizontal/Vertical Stiffeners and Main Girder • The Horizontal and Vertical Stiffeners Shall be designed as simply supported or continuous beam depending upon framing adopted for gate.• The spacing between main horizontal girders shall be preferably such that all the girders carry almost equal load.• Maximum deflection of gate under normal condition of loading shall be limited to1/800 of the span.
Sorry I'm not an expert on water gates in which to elevate ships and vise versa.
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