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Dear Ibrahim,
there is one major operational difference between on load and off load tap changers. In fact, the name says it all !!!
in off load tap changers, a transformed has to be de-energized (disconnected from load and current though transformer must be ZERO) in order to change the tap position on the transformer.
while in on load tap changers, tap position can be changed wile transformer is energized and loaded without the nead to de-energize it or interrupt the load.
obviously on load tap changers are superior but you should know that they are more expensive, complicated and are of high maintenance .
Regards,
On Load if you change tap position of Trafo, called ON-Load Tap Changer,is basically used in HV Generation & Transmission purpose, mostly of Power Transformer
But in case of OFF-Load,Tap can be changed,when Transformer is in OFF Condition,Mostly used in LT Distribution & Auxiliary-Transformer.
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