What is a tool to chart how individual processes are currently being conducted and to help lay out new improved processes?

You got to use PDM (Precedence Diagram Methodology ). That will let you know the following things.

1. Critical Path Timing

2. Flow Control

3. Forward and Backward Pass.

With this you can calculate the precise schedule for any thing.

I fully agree with the answers been added by EXPERTS................Thanks.

process mapping is my answer

4. Process mapping>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

my answer is option 4                   .

Process mapping

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Design chain mapping________________________A

Of course process planning

Process mapping=============================

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